Think about a time when you were feeling sad. If you are bilingual, describe how you felt in one language, and then describe how you felt in your other language.
Were the ways that you described your sadness similar or different when using those two languages?
Do you think language and vocabulary have consequences for how we understand and experience pain and distress?
How have the studies reviewed in this chapter challenged you in thinking about whether psychological disorders are universal versus culturespecific?
Do you believe that disorders like depression are universal? Why or why not? Think about the stresses that people around the world have to deal with.
Are there universal stressors that may lead to universal psychological disorders?